Building Upon Our Observations
Wagner-Peyser Act (1933) established the U.S. Employment Service and helped set up a national system of public employment offices by gathering occupational information, studying job potential, and writing job descriptions. It has added a governmental structure to place people in jobs, which further stresses the importance of being able to relate oneself to one's chosen career.
Trait-Factor Theory
The Trait-factor theory gained more popularity during this era. Parson's three step procedure had now been built upon with six steps: analysis, synthesis, diagnosis, prognosis, counseling, and follow-up. This deepened the assessment aspect of the process so that more accurate data could be formed.
During this time, this theory became the standard by refining different tests and optimizing the amount of information gathered. Focusing on personal characteristics and the requirements of a job, people effectively executed this approach. As time went on, however, newer, more modern ways of thinking further developed this field of study.
A new Era of thought for vocational studies began after WWII, known as the Empirical Era. From the mid-1920s through the 1940s, vocational psychology became more concentrated. It took the theories and practices and built upon them, with the Trait-Factor Theory solidifying, as did intelligence testing.
Intelligence Testing
With the growing popularity of mental tests from the First Great War, specialists desired to develop a more focused test. These tests further assessed one's aptitudes, abilities, and interests. In 1927, E. K. Strong published what we know today as the Strong Interest Inventory. This test took a deeper look into the individual's interest, scaling the results, which provided a more visual type of feedback.
These tests were used during the start of WWII to classify personnel. Millions were tested and classified based off of these tests. Issues arose from these test placements, benefiting the overall vocational guidance field. It multiplied from a demand to re-imagine the way individuals interacted with their work.
With the Great Depression crippling the economy, research was conducted to better understand what had happened and why it did. From this initiative, different tests were developed based off of various studies and their results. Data gathered from these studies prompted further action.
U.S. Employment Service
Birthed out of the Depression, and a need for a more structured support system for employees, the
Trait-Factor Theory
The Trait-factor theory gained more popularity during this era. Parson's three step procedure had now been built upon with six steps: analysis, synthesis, diagnosis, prognosis, counseling, and follow-up. This deepened the assessment aspect of the process so that more accurate data could be formed.
During this time, this theory became the standard by refining different tests and optimizing the amount of information gathered. Focusing on personal characteristics and the requirements of a job, people effectively executed this approach. As time went on, however, newer, more modern ways of thinking further developed this field of study.
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